Amendments

In May 2026, this chapter was revised in line with updated government guidance.

This chapter was updated in May 2026 to include information from the Ministry of Justice Youth Remand Concordat and was updated with information from the Youth Justice Charter - know your rights in the youth justice system. The Youth Justice Charter sets out what children can expect at each stage of the youth justice system — helping them understand who does what, what their rights are, and what to do if the standards are not met.

In May 2026, this chapter was updated to reflect the Data (Use and Access) Act 2025 and a link to the Information Commissioners Office ‘Better Records Together’.

This chapter was revised in May 2026. The Government guidance ‘Report the death or serious harm of a child or care leaver’ was updated to provide what information is needed when reporting incidents involving children who have died or been seriously harmed and abuse or neglect is known or suspected, looked after children and care leavers. The Serious Incident Notification Guide for local authorities was also added to this chapter.

This chapter was revised in May 2026 to include information from the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) and Coram BAAF: Initial Health Assessment (IHA) Delivery Standards.

In May 2026, this chapter was updated to include the UK General Data Protection Regulation and the Data (Use and Access) Act 2025.

This chapter was updated in May 2026 to include information for the Restraint and restrictive practices: positive environments for children – Ofsted: social care.

This chapter was updated in May 2026 to reflect Granting Leaves of Absence in Working Together to Improve School Attendance statutory guidance, which states that generally, the DfE does not consider a need or desire for a holiday or other absence for the purpose of leisure and recreation to be an exceptional circumstance for leave of absence.

This chapter was refreshed in May 2026.

In May 2026, information was added from How Local Authorities Can Help Young Carers (Ofsted Blog) and additional resources were added to Further Information.

This chapter was refreshed in May 2026 to include information from the Criminal Injuries Compensation: A Guide.

In May 2026, information was added to Section 3.4, Health and Emotional Well-being, as the government has extended health services and other entitlements to care leavers.

In May 2026, information was added to Section 1, Prevention of Homelessness and Provision of Accommodation for 16 and 17 Year Old Young People who may be Homeless and/or Require Accommodation, from Good decisions: supporting children aged 16 and 17 who need help when they are homeless - GOV.UK, and a section was added around Domestic Abuse and Homelessness.

In May 2026, this chapter was updated to provide a link to the Information Commissioner's Office ‘Better Records Together’.

This chapter was revised in May 2026.

In May 2026, information was added to Section 5, Child’s Adoption Medical about the NHS England key principles for ensuring continuous health records of adopted children.

In May 2026, this chapter was updated to provide a link to the Information Commissioners Office ‘Better Records Together’.

In May 2026, this chapter was updated with guidance from the Youth Remand Concordat which gives guidance and principles for Local Authorities and key agencies in working with children through the remand process and was updated with information from the Youth Justice Charter - know your rights in the youth justice system. The Youth Justice Charter sets out what children can expect at each stage of the youth justice system — helping them understand who does what, what their rights are, and what to do if the standards are not met.

In May 2026, information was added in Section 6.3, Placement before a Special Guardianship Order (SGO) is Granted to highlight that the DfE has extended the Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund initially until March 2027, with a new fair access limit of £3000.

Section 3, Security, Retention and Sharing of Records was updated in May 2026 in the light of the Records of Adopted and Care-experienced People - Good Practice Guidance for Record-keepers and Care Professionals (England and Wales) Guidance - published February 2024 which recommends that Adoption records where an Adoption Order is made should now have for "good practice" minimum retention of 125 years (date of birth + 125 years this was previously 100 years) or for "exemplary practice" for 150 years, or best practice would be permanent preservation/retention.

In May 2026, information was added in Section 2.1, Additional Considerations Where a Child Has Multiple Needs about how to access pre-application advice on caring for children with complex needs (Ofsted) if you are thinking about opening a children’s social care service for children with complex needs.

In May 2026, links were added to Youth Remand Concordat - Guidance and principles to follow a joint approach throughout the youth remand process for local and national partners and Delivering the best for girls in custody - an independent review into placements and care for girls in the Children and Young People Secure Estate.

Section 8.6, Where the Advice from the Guardian and the Local Authority assessment are fundamentally different in relation to the safety and best interests of a child was added in May 2026 to the chapter in line with practice guidance issued jointly by Cafcass and the ADCS.

In May 2026, information was added in Section 3, Examples of Adoption Support to highlight that the DfE has extended the Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund initially until March 2027, with a new fair access limit of £3000.

This chapter was revised in May 2025, in line with How Local Authorities and Children's Homes Can Achieve Stability and Permanence for Children with Complex Needs (Ofsted).

In May 2025, this chapter was revised in line with Working Together to Safeguard Children.

This chapter was revised in May 2025.

In May 2025, this chapter was added to the manual.

This chapter was revised in May 2025.

In May 2025, information was added in relation to Ofsted and CQC Joint Registration Guidance: Children's Homes and Health Care.

This chapter was revised in May 2025, to include additional information on personal budgets.

In May 2025, amendments were made in line with the revised working together to Safeguard children.

This chapter was added to the manual in May 2025.

In May 2025, this chapter was updated in line with Working Together to Safeguard Children. New Section 3, Death of a Care Leaver Up to and Including the Age of 24 was added. 

In May 2025, Section 15, Resolving Disagreements was updated to include information on Guidance: Carry Out an Order in Special Educational Needs Cases. Section 15.1, Registering an appeal with the First-tier Tribunal (Special Educational Needs (SEN) and Disability) was updated in line with case law.

In May 2025, a link was added in Section 4, Age Assessment to BASW Age Assessment Practice Guidance. In Further Information, links to sources of further information were updated.

This chapter was revised in May 2025, in line with the revised working together to Safeguard children.

This chapter was previously entitled family and friends care and was updated in May 2025 in the light of government guidance and Championing Kinship Care: The National Kinship Care strategy. 

This chapter was revised in May 2025, in line with the revised working together to Safeguard children.

This chapter was updated in May 2025, to include a link to the Disclosure and Barring Service Guidance Leaflets - GOV.UK. in Section 4.5, Concluding the Investigation. 

In May 2025, this chapter was revised in response to Working Together to Safeguard Children (December 2023), and includes the ongoing development of the strategic leadership roles of Virtual School Heads (VSH) in promoting educational outcomes for children aged 0 to 18 who have, or previously had a social worker, and children in kinship care arrangements.

This chapter was updated in May 2025. Information was added into Section 17, Special Guardian Duty on the Death of the Child, that the relevant local authority should be notified if the child was previously a looked after child.

In May 2025, links were added to additional sources of guidance.

This chapter was updated in May 2025, to note that if a young person in a Staying Put arrangement dies up to and including the age of 24, notifications should be made in accordance with the procedure on Death or Serious Injury to a Child (Looked After, Child in Need or Care Leaver Up to and Including the Age of 24).

In May 2025, Section 4.2, Procedural Fairness was updated in line with case-law.

In May 2025, information was added into Section 9, Accommodation, Bedroom Space and Sharing in relation to bunk beds.

In May 2025, information was added to Section 4, Stage One-The Pre-Assessment Process, with details on how to request information about an applicant from Ofsted. A link to DBS guidance leaflets - GOV.UK was added in the Related Guidance Section.

In May 2025, a link was added to Ofsted and CQC Joint Registration Guidance: Children's Homes and Health Care.

In May 2025, updates were made to reflect the Homelessness Code of Guidance - Chapter 22: Care Leavers (updated 3 May 2024) which sets out the expectation that authorities should have in place joint protocols which clearly outline jointly held corporate parenting responsibilities for care leavers. See Section 8, Joint Housing Protocols for Care Leavers.

This chapter was updated in May 2025, with a link to DBS guidance leaflets - GOV.UK in Section 4.4, Concluding the Investigation.

In May 2025, this chapter was updated in line with Working Together to Safeguard Children, to note that notifications should also be made of the death of a care leaver up to and including the age of 24.  

This document was added to the manual in January 2025.